The effect of sea lice infestation on the salinity preference and energetic expenditure of juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Ocean-going juvenile salmonids heavily infected with salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, have been observed prematurely returning to freshwater. This change in salinity preference may be an attempt either to regain osmotic balance or to remove the lice. For either hypothesis to be true, freshwater habitats must provide infected fish with a higher net fitness than saltwater habitats. The objectives of this study were to use behavioural titration to quantify the energetic cost of different salinities to infected and uninfected pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and to determine if infection alters salinity preference. Results demonstrate that infection changes the salinity preference of fish from saltwater to freshwater. The cost paid by these freshwater-preferring infected fish foraging in saltwater increased with lice density during trials conducted between 13–33 days after infection. Other infection-induced behavioural changes include a 14-fold increase in the jumping frequency of infected versus control fish and a decrease in foraging between 13 and 33 days after infection. Résumé : On a observé que certains jeunes salmonidés fortement infestés de poux du saumon, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, en route pour l’océan retournent prématurément en eau douce. Ce changement de préférence de salinité peut être une tentative pour retrouver un équilibre osmotique ou pour se débarrasser des poux. Pour que l’une ou l’autre de ces hypothèses se vérifie, il faut que l’habitat d’eau douce procure aux poissons infectés une fitness nette plus grande que les habitats d’eau salée. Les objectifs de notre étude sont d’utiliser le dosage comportemental pour mesurer le coût énergétique des diverses salinités chez des saumons roses (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) infectés et sains et pour déterminer si l’infection modifie la préférence de salinité. Nos résultats démontrent que l’infection change la préférence de salinité des poissons, de l’eau salée vers l’eau douce. Lors d’essais menés entre 13 et 33 jours après l’infection, le coût payé par ces poissons qui préfèrent l’eau douce, mais qui se nourrissent en eau salée, augmente en fonction de la densité des poux. Parmi les autres changements comportementaux induits par l’infection, on note une augmentation de l’ordre de 14 fois de la fréquence des sauts chez les poissons infectés par comparaison aux poissons témoins et une diminution de la recherche de nourriture entre les jours 13 et 33 après l’infection. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Webster et al. 680
منابع مشابه
Sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infection rates on juvenile pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (Oncorhynchus keta) salmon in the nearshore marine environment of British Columbia, Canada
This study compared sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infestation rates on juvenile pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (Oncorhynchus keta) salmon in five nearshore areas of the British Columbia coast selected on the basis of proximity to salmon farms. A 10-week study in the Broughton Archipelago found sea lice were 8.8 times more abundant on wild fish near farms holding adult salmon and 5....
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